Alfred Harriyevich Shnitka Biography

The works of Alfred Schnitka is a Soviet and Russian composer, a teacher and musicologist, whose work left a great mark in art. His creations are actively promoted by modern performers. Alfred Harrievich toured Europe, being among the few Soviet authors, whose works turned out to be equally in demand in their homeland and abroad. Talent, a unique style, bright individuality made the works of Schnita unique.

Childhood and youth Alfred Schnitka was born in the city of Engels on November 24. His parents were Volga Germans and had Jewish roots. The boy’s hometown was Frankfurt. Mother was born in the village of Kamenka. The relatives of his father lived in the capital, and this turned out to be a salvation when the Second World War began. Alfred Schnitsky in the Squit family brought up three children: Alfred had a younger brother and sister.

Together they waited for wartime in Moscow with a grandmother. Thanks to their parents, the children knew the German language, and he was his family. The Russian turned out to be secondary. From the age of 11, Schnittke was fond of music.

When after the war his father received his appointment to Vienna, Alfred moved there with his family. Since the year, the young man received a musical education in Austria, and when after 2 years the family returned to the Soviet Union, he continued classes already in Moscow. Parents got a job at the newspaper, and Alfred began to study music. In childhood, Alfred Schnita, he received a diploma of the Moscow Conservatory in the class of composition, and later completed training in graduate school.

Since the year, Schnittke began to teach the reading of scores and instrumentation at his native Moscow Conservatory, although he had few students. In the same period, the musician joined the Union of Composers. To earn a living, Alfred began to compose music for cinema. He did not leave pedagogical activity up to a year. The volume of works created for films grew adamant every year.

Music the main leitmotif of all works of Alfred Schnita is a person and his essence. The experiences experienced by the hero, personal searches, passions and emotions become the title theme of the author’s compositions. In his music, the symbiosis of the tragic and comic is incredibly formed. Composer Alfred Schnitka Maestro turned out to be the creator of the term “polystylist”, which involves the combination of different aesthetics.

In the year, he wrote the first ballet Labyrinths. In the same year, in memory of his beloved mother, the composer created a piano quintet, which later formed in the “Requiem”. Schnittke was among the composers who worked with the Aleatoric method, which allows performers to get more scope for improvisation. An indicative example in this case was the “first symphony” created in the year.

For the first time it was performed by conductor Gennady Rozhdestvensky. Music of this kind was considered radical, therefore, despite the presence of all permits and tolerances, the Philharmonic of Moscow and St. Petersburg did not dare to introduce it to the public. The premiere took place in Nizhny Novgorod. The composition of Alfred Schnita “Suite in an old style” Creativity Schnitka did not have genre or stylistic restrictions.

His name became a famous general public. The author’s favorite composer was Johann Sebastian Bach. He was fascinated by polystilicism, inspired by a folk spiritual song. Thanks to this, Der Sonnengesang des Franz von Assisi appeared. Later, the audience heard the “second symphony”, 2 more followed it. In the same, Schnit was invited to the Parisian opera. In co -creation with the artist David Borovsky and director Yuri Lyubimov Maestro, he created the staging “Peak lady” according to the work of Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky.

Pushkin quotes and an updated libretto were combined with a fresh look at the literary basis. Alfred Shnitka in the theater due to the scandalous article by Algis Juraitis, conductor of the Bolshoi Theater, Lyubimov was not released from the Soviet Union for a general rehearsal. The premiere was disrupted. The leadership of the Paris Opera abandoned the production. The creators managed to realize the artistic design of the creators in the year in Karlsruhe.

Later, in M, the production was carried out in Boston, and only in M ​​it was able to see the Moscow public. In m, the cantata “The story of Dr. Johann Faust” saw the cantata. The composer was not afraid to realize the idea that confused Johann Goethe himself. It took almost 11 years to write the work. In the period from the years, Schnittke composed “three choirs of Orthodox prayers”, “a concert for a mixed choir to the poems of the city of Narekatsi”, “Penitent verses”.

Alfred Schnita’s melody “Fleet” from the film “The Tale of Wandering” the Heritage left by Schnita descendants has ballets and operas, more than 20 concerts, 9 symphonies, 4 concerts for violin, string quarters, musical accompaniment for films and performances, vocal and chamber compositions. The compositions “Flight”, “Waltz-Razdolier” sound in the film “Fairy Tale of Wandering”.

The work "Crew" is written for the tape of the same name. The film "Parsley Syndrome" uses the melody "Tango in a madhouse."The composer was awarded the title of “Honored Artist of the RSFSR” and awarded numerous awards, among which there was also state -owniers for music for films, presented in the year. Suita Alfred Schnita from the film “Crew” the multicultural author was also awarded the State Austrian Prize awarded in the year, and the Imperial Prize of Japan, which was presented to him a year later.

Schnitsky worked by the Amsterdam and Hamburg opera, he was a member of the Swedish Royal Music Academy. In the opera, Alfred Schnita “Life with an idiot” was presented to the public in Amsterdam. Personal life, the biography of the famous composer would not be complete without mentioning his personal life. Schnita was married twice. The first marriage of the maestro was combined with Galina Koltsova.

The union lasted a short period and ended with a divorce. A son, who was called Andrei, was born in the family. Schnita lived with a chosen one in an atmosphere of love and care and was inseparable with her until the last days. Death for the year was for Alfred Schnita Rokov. The composer suffered several strokes at once. Health was shaken, and weakness constantly overcome the man.

Despite this, he did not give up and continued to work. In m, the family moved to Hamburg, where Schnita became a teacher at the Hamburg Higher School of Music. The grave of Alfred Schnita is another stroke, overtaking the musician, caused his death. He found the last shelter at the Novodevichy cemetery in Moscow. In memory of the fans there were an interview in which the composer shares the stories from the biography and interesting facts about himself, his photos and immortal music.

Ballet in 5 episodes. Ballet in 3 acts with an epilogue. Opera in 2 acts.