Biography Kamenev Zinoviev

From the family of the owner of the dairy farm. Got a home education. Revolutionary activity in - gg. Grigory Zinoviev. Photo from the case after the arrest in the city of in - gg.

In October, G. actively supported V. Lenin in his struggle against two trends in the RSDLP - liquidators considered it necessary to turn illegal activities after the defeat of the revolution - and the rejection was offered to withdraw party members from legal organizations. He became the closest assistant to Lenin, in - gg. In the First World War - cg. After the February Revolution, G.

in the Bolshevik newspaper Pravda propagated the Leninist idea of ​​developing a bourgeois-democratic revolution in a socialist transition of power to the Soviets of workers and soldiers' deputies. During the July events, G. from July 7 to the beginning of September was hiding, avoiding arrest on charges of treason and espionage in favor of Germany. Kamenev voted against the Lenin resolution that the armed uprising in order to overthrow the Provisional Government “inevitably and completely shaken” the protocols of the Central Committee Zinoviev and Kamenev claimed that in the situation the Bolsheviks had to “limit themselves to a defensive position” the protocols of the Central Committee proposed abandoning the violent struggle measures, focusing on convocation.

All -Russian Congress of Soviets and participation in the elections to the Constituent Assembly. It was believed that the Bolsheviks, having support only of the working class and soldiers, and not the majority of the population, would not be able to triumphantly complete the socialist revolution. According to them, “only the growth of the revolution in Europe would make us mandatory, without any hesitation, immediately take power to the Power of the Central Committee on October 16 29, put forward an alternative to the Lenin resolution, which stated that“ no speeches to the meeting with the Bolshevik part of the congress of councils are unacceptable ”the protocols of the Central Committee after the adoption of the Leninist resolution He demanded the “immediate telegraph convocation of the Plenum of the Central Committee” the protocols of the Central Committee after the October Revolution of G.

In response to the Lenin ultimatical demand to take measures to exclude Zinoviev and Kamenev from the party, if they did not obey party discipline, Zinoviev on November 4, announced the withdrawal from the Central Committee along with Kamenev, A. Rykov, V. Noginin and V. in a few days. His decision, saying that “there will be no split in our party and should not be” the protocols of the Central Committee participated in negotiations with the Left Socialist -Revolutionaries, which ended on November 14 by their entry into the Council of People's Commissars.

Political and state activities in - cg. Since December 13, in January, in its speeches, he proved the need to pursue a policy of Red Terror. In accordance with the idea of ​​the physical destruction of those who disagree with the Soviet regime in Petrograd, the idea of ​​the physical destruction of the people in Petrograd were shot. In March, during the discussion about the trade unions - GG.

Trotsky on the nationalization of trade unions, and the requirement of the “working opposition” to transfer the leadership of the national economy to trade unions. The NEP considered the new economic policy as the temporary “the largest” and “the most decisive strategic maneuver of the Proletarian Party”, which involves the “rabid struggle between the capitalist and socialist elements of our economy” Zinoviev.

Zinoviev in the office. During the period of Lenin’s illness and after his death, he actively participated in the struggle for power in the party and in the country. Stalin and L. Kamenev opposed L. Trotsky, achieving his political discredit. Zinoviev made a cooperative, the opposition political report of the Central Committee, read out by Stalin. He tried to protect himself and the Leningrad party organization from accusations of the desire to eliminate the NEP, in disbelief in the possibility of finally building socialism in one country, etc.

Quoting Lenin, tried to prove that N. Bukharin is a real “liquidator” and “defeatist”, which put forward the slogan “enrich yourself! He warned of the danger of underestimating the economic and political role of kulaks and the danger of statements that NEP is socialism. The performance of Zinoviev and his supporters did not meet support at the congress and was qualified as schismatic activity and slander for the party.

Zinoviev was removed from the post of chairman of the Leningrad Council and recalled to Moscow. In the spring - in the summer of G. in October of the same year, it was removed from the leadership of the Comintern. After November 7 in the last years in June, in July of the same year, he was appointed a member of the board and head of the Cultural and Publishing Department of the Central Union of Consumer Societies of the USSR.

In February, in December, Kustanai is now Kostanay, Kazakhstan for knowing about the existence of a “counter -revolutionary group” M. Ryutina and receiving documents from her, did not report this to the party leadership. In May, from June to August. Kirova is again excluded from the party. He was serving a sentence in the Upper Ural Politicalizolet.

He was buried in a common grave in the New Donskoy cemetery. Published on September 21The last update of September 21 to contact the editors.