Chapaev biography

Chapaev Coamwall of the Great Russian Revolution Vasily Ivanovich Chapaev is known as one of the most noticeable heroes of the Civil War. The commander of the Red Army left a bright mark in domestic history and to this day occupies a special position in mass culture. The name of the military leader is vividly in the memory of contemporaries - books are tirelessly written about him, make films, sing songs, and also compose jokes and fables.

The biography of the Red Guard is full of contradictions and secrets. The editors of the Volga heart portal restored the chronology of events - we have something to surprise you. The lines of life according to legend, the surname Chapaev came from the word “Chepai”, take it, singing it, which was used during various works. At first this word was the nickname of the hero’s grandfather, then it turned into a family name.

In the early years, the metric recording of the year about the birth of V. Chapaeva Vasily Ivanovich Chapaev - a native of a peasant family, the son of a carpenter. His parents lived in the village of Budaika Cheboksarsky district of the Simbirsk province. This place was one of the Russian villages located around the city of Cheboksary. Here Vasily was born on January 28, February 9.

Vasily grew up in a large family and was a sixth child. Soon after his birth, the family moved to the Samara province - to the village of Balakovo, Nikolaev district. The children of the Chapaevs were forced to quit the school that they attended in Budaik, and look for work. Vasily managed to learn only the alphabet. Parents wished their child the best share, therefore, to receive education, they sent Vasily to a parish school.

In Cheboksary, the generic hut of the commander’s family has been preserved. Next to it is the house-museum V. On the territory of the Chapaev square, a monument to the military leader and a memorial plaque with bas-reliefs were erected. Father and mother hoped that the son would become a clergyman, but life ordered otherwise. In the fall of the year, Vasily was drafted into the army - from this period, his military career is counted.

He began to serve in Kyiv, however, not for long. Already in the spring of the year he was dismissed - transferred to the warriors of the militia of the first category. Historians do not know the exact reason for this decision. According to one version, this happened due to its political unreliability, but there was no evidence of this. Most likely, dismissal is associated with Chapaev's disease.

Even in his youth, Vasily Chapaev received the nickname Ermak. It accompanied the hero all his life, becoming his underground nickname. A few months later, for success in the service, he immediately received the rank of junior non-commissioned officer, bypassing the rank of corporal. For the capture of two prisoners near the place of dreams, he was again awarded the St. George Cross, but already the III degree.

Chapaev was a gentleman of the three degrees of the St. George Cross. For each sign of a soldier or non-commissioned officer received a salary of a third more than usual. The salary grew until it has reached a double size. The surplus salary was reserved after dismissal and paid for life. The money was received by the widows a year after the death of the gentleman. Chapaev in the city was sent to the hospital.

Soon he found out that he was transferred to senior non-commissioned officers. For these battles, Vasily was awarded the St. George Cross of the II degree. According to some reports, the same summer, for the battles under the city of Dishesin, he was awarded the St. George Cross of the 1st degree. But documents confirming the award of this award have not been preserved. At the end of the summer, Vasily was seriously ill.

He returned to his company only on September 10 and the next day was injured by a shrapnel in his left thigh, after which he again began treatment. The October Revolution and the Civil War V. Chapaev, the commander of the 2nd Nikolaev Soviet regiment I. Kutyakov, the commander of the battalion I. Bubenets and commissar A. In July, Chapaev was in the city of Nikolaevsk, where he was determined by the 4th company of the GO reserve infantry regiment.

This military unit was famous for its revolutionary mood. It was here that the future red commander became close to the Bolsheviks. Soon he was elected to the regimental committee, and in the fall of the year he entered the Council of Soldiers' Deputies. In December, he became the Red Guard Commissioner and took on the duties of the head of the garrison of Nikolaevsk. Winter-spring of the year is a difficult period for the new government.

At this time, Chapaev suppressed peasant unrest, fought against the Cossacks and soldiers of the Czechoslovak corps. In films, most often, Chapaev is depicted with a saber on a dashing horse. However, in life, the commander preferred cars. In November, a talented military man went to study at the Academy of the General Staff, but could not stay away from the front for a long time and in January fought in the battle against the army of Admiral Kolchak.

Chapaev visited the wounded comrades in the hospital. Left - I. Bubenets, commander of the battalion named after Stenka Razin Regiment; On the right - I. Kutyakov, the commander of the regiment. The circumstances of the death of the legendary military leader died during an unexpected attack by the White Guards on the headquarters of the division. This happened on September 5 in the city of Lbitchensk of the West Kazakhstan region, which was in a deep rear and was well guarded.The Chapaevites here felt safe.

Chapaeva division was torn from the main forces of the Red Army and suffered heavy losses. In addition to the Chapaevites, there were almost as many mobilized peasants in the city, who had no weapons. Chapaev could count on six hundred bayonets. Wounded in the head V. Chapaev in the center and D. Furmanov to the left of him with the commanders of the Division. The combination of these factors led to the fact that the attack of the Cossack detachment in the early morning of September 5 turned out to be disastrous for the illustrious division.

Most of the Chapaevites were shot or captured. Only a small part of the Red Guards was able to break to the banks of the Ural River, including Chapaev. He was able to resist the advancing forces, but was wounded in the stomach. The witness of the last hours of the hero’s life was the eldest son Alexander. He said that the wounded father was put on a raft for crossing the river made of half the gate.

However, some time later the sad news came - the commander died of great blood loss. Chapaev was hastily buried in the coastal sand, throwing reeds so that the Cossacks would not find the grave and would not abundant over the body. Similar information was then confirmed by other participants in the events. But the legend embodied in books and on the film screen was more tenacious that the commander died in the heated waves of the Ural River.

Hundreds of streets and almost two dozen settlements, one river, a light cruiser and a large anti -submarine ship were named after Chapaev. Personal life in personal life by the commander of the Red Army was not as successful as in military service. Feldfebel Chapaev with his wife Pelageya Nikanorovna. Even before sending to the army, Vasily met with young Pelagia Metlin, the daughter of a priest.

After his write -off to the reserve in the summer of the year, they got married. For 6 years of marriage, they had three children - two sons and a daughter. The life of Chapaev before the outbreak of World War I was peaceful. He, like his father, worked as a carpenter. In the year, together with his wife and children, he moved to the city of Melekess today is Dimitrovgrad, the Ulyanovsk region, where he settled on Chuvashskaya Street.

Here he had the youngest son Arkady. The beginning of the war radically changed the life of Vasily Ivanovich. He began to fight in the infantry division against the Germans and the Austrians. At this time, his wife Pelageya went to his neighbor with his children. Upon learning of this, Chapaev rushed into his home to divorce his wife. True, he limited himself to taking the children from his wife and transported them to the house of his parents.

From an interview with the newspaper "Boulevard Gordon" September G. fled not from Vasily, but from the father -in -law, strict and hard. And she loved Vasily, she gave birth to three children from him, only she rarely saw her husband at home - he fought all the time.