Perlov Vasily Biography

With the onset of darkness, each citizen has only one right path - towards burning lights. For the old lantern, the light of the lantern is a vocation. In each of the thousands of luminous city windows, new lines of family history are written. One such story with the taste of sweet buns and freshly brewed tea I want to share today. Alexey, the son of Ivanov, never had a surname, but from birth was endowed with a business grip and insight.

This unstopamile merchant of the 2nd guild opened retail tea shops in the Moscow shopping rows in the year and became one of the first tea traders in Russia. The idea was risky, because most ordinary people at that time did not even try tea. For the first time in the Moscow state, they learned about a fragrant drink at the beginning of the 17th century, when the Chinese ambassadors brought several tea boxes as a gift to the Russian court.

For a long time, he was treated as a “cure for a hundred diseases”, but, having tried it, they began to drink for pleasure. From time immemorial, tea to our country came from the mountainous regions of Northern China, and the Khankou-Kyakhta land route was part of the Chinese-Russian tea trade route in a km long. He gained fame, no less than the Great Silk Road.

Almost all of the tea imported from China entered Moscow. It is not surprising that it was here that the population was especially committed to tea drinks. And, while European Petersburg began morning with a cup of hot coffee, Moscow drank tea five times a day with glasses. Soon, tea firmly entered Russian life and became a favorite national drink. The Russian nobility did not spare the elegant porcelain service for evening tea parties.

In support of the English tradition, tea of ​​the highest Chinese varieties was brewed and milk was added to it. The merchants preferred tea cheaper, quickly giving a dark infusion. It was the merchants who created the tradition of long tea drinking, when they drank a ten glasses of tea behind the samovar. They certainly drank from the saucer into a bite with jam, honey, dryers, bagels and pies.

Among them was Aleksey merchant. He refused the services of intermediaries, began to trade tea only in retail. To do this, he opened the office in the rich Siberian merchant city of Kyakhta and began to purchase goods directly from the Chinese. This allowed him to significantly reduce tea prices and get an advantage over competitors. Having risked once, Alexei took the first step to the base of the tea dynasty.

Indeed, shortly after the start of his successful entrepreneurial activity, the order of the Senate was allowed to accept the family nickname “pearls” as an official surname. According to the existing legend, the ancestor of the family lived on the Yauza River, the water in which was so clean that there it was possible to catch pearls in the sinks. As in the evening behind the samovar, family members give each other warm buns, so the family business Alexei Perlov handed over to his sons over time.

Vasily turned out to be the most gifted of them. He adequately continued his father’s business and brought him to a new level. Tea continued to gain popularity far beyond the borders of Moscow. Vasily Perelova's company has reached the global level of tea. His success consisted in skillful pricing and concern for the quality of the goods. Ground delivery from China made it possible to maintain the aroma and taste of a tea sheet and made a drink available even for peasants.

A little more than 70 years have passed since the opening of Aleksei Perelov, the first tea shop, as Vasily Alekseevich founded the Trading House "Vasily pearls with his sons." Now he was doing business with his children - Semen of thirty -nine years and twenty -four -year -old Sergei. They sold tea at varieties and fixed prices. Also, pearls actively fought for fakes that flooded the tea market.

We insisted on the adoption of a law that obliges tea tractors to sell tea only in packs, indicating the company and the date of packaging. A family company became known even in Europe. Shopping shops opened in Vienna, Berlin, Paris and Warsaw. After the death of Vasily Perelov, the sons divided the inheritance and began to work separately. The senior Semyon was a family company, and the younger Sergey got a mansion on Myasnitskaya.

Here he organized his enterprise, actually rebuilding the mansion and turning it into a tea factory. A sign appeared on the front facade: "Sergey Vasilievich Pervov and Co.." The era of kinship began. The company Semyon "Vasily Perlov with his sons" continued the case of the founder of the dynasty. For more than a hundred years, she trained with China and focused on wholesale trade.

Semyon Vasilievich relied on a mass unassuming buyer. And if he was engaged in retail, he tried to sell tea in cheap cardboard and boiled packaging. The partnership of tea trade “Sergey Vasilievich Pervov and Co”, on the contrary, focused on the development of retail trade, counting on wealthy merchants and aristocrats. For a rich public, tea was not just a drink.

A tea party for them was a real Chinese ceremony.In a store on Myasnitskaya Street, tea was sold in elegant and tastefully decorated tin jars, which were more like small boxes. Crystal teapots were produced for representatives of the aristocracy. Of course, they were more expensive. Sergei Perlov reminded customers that, although he was the successor of his father’s work, the development of tea business leads in his own way.

As a result, at the beginning of the 20th century, when the company “Vasily Pearls with the Sons” was in a serious decline, things in the tea partnership “Sergey Vasilievich Povlov and Ko” were not better as an example. Sergei Vasilievich, with his inherent business grip, successfully developed his new company, expanded the sales markets and increased the number of stores, while maintaining a bright mind, nobility and honesty.

In M, the restructuring of the house on Myasnitskaya Street began. In the three -story stone building, the main store of the new company Sergei Vasilyevich Polov, his apartments and rented apartments were to be located. Construction work lasted two years. Sergey Vasilievich Povlov was a person who was versatile - he loved music, adored the theater, and therefore, the new house began musical evenings and home performances in which his households and friends participated.

He was also famous for the love of Asian culture and posted a collection of works of art of the East. Perhaps it was this attachment that led to the fact that until the end of the construction of the pearls hesitated with the final finish of the facade. And it was a finger of fate. Soon, the inevitable competition between the owners of the family business became an impulse to the miraculous transformation of a new building into a varnished “Chinese box”.

Both brothers Parlov considered it their duty to arrange an ambassador to a magnificent reception. They argued for the right to accept a tall guest and the first to conclude another profitable contract for the supply of tea. Hoping to resolve the dispute in his favor, Sergei Vasilievich decided to finish the new house and a Chinese -style store. The architecture of this "tea house" was unique not only for Moscow.

None of the European capitals had a similar building. Bells decorated the roofs from the street - a symbol of food in China. The facade of the building has turned into a multiple -increased color picture with a variety of dragons, funny lizards, lotuses, and like toy, bent upward Chinese tile roofs. The entrance to the store was especially richly finished. An inscription with the name of the trading house “Sergey Vasilievich Perlov” appeared in the monumental cartouche above the entrance, and over high windows in blue -colored phylenes - the inscriptions red, stylized under hieroglyphs with letters: “tea, sugar, coffee”, “main store”, “main office and warehouse”.

The interior of the store shone with brightness and splendor. Wooden shelves and columns of thick red color; The green-blue curly ceiling phylenes sparkled with abundant gilding and resembled the varnish painting of China. The finish of the internal wall of the trading floor echoed with the finish of the main facade of the house - to demonstrate tea products, convenient wall cabinets were arranged, completed by decorative similarities of the tile roofs.

Sergei Vasilievich was sure that after such a capital and expensive training, a tall Chinese dignitary would be touched and stopped at him. But, alas, the guest honored did not go to the new, fascinating the Chinese “Tea House” with multicolor and gilded, but stopped on the 1st Meshchanskaya Street near his nephew and competitor Nikolai Semenovich Polov, the heir to the main family affair.

Here the building was not rebuilt, but also decorated the facade in the Chinese style. Lee Hunzhana was met with bread and salt and a silver dish with engravings of pearl barley and a figured salt shaker was gift. In response, the Chinese guest granted the owner a high reward of the Qing Empire - the Order of the Double Dragon of the II degree. However, the failure with the reception of Lee Hungjan did not affect the fate of the "tea house" on Myasnitskaya.

The Chinese style of the mansion emphasized the history of Russian tea trade. After all, tea is perhaps the most striking evidence of the long -standing contacts of Russia with the Celestial Empire. It is no coincidence that the saying was: "We have a Chinese tea, sugar - the master." Bright packaging boxes with images of elegant Chinese spoke eloquently about the origin of the Perlovsky tea.

It has no equal in the preservation of genuine details of architecture. This lovingly protected tea store, revered by the generations of Muscovites, an elegant and amazing house reminds us of the centuries-old ties with China, the traditions of Moscow tea parties and the great contribution of the Perelov family to Russian-Chinese trade relations and the development of Russian household culture.

Over a hundred years of successful trading, the pearls have become the "tea kings" of Russia. At the beginning of the 20th century, they had more branded stores in Russia and Europe. It is rightly believed that the historical merit of the merchants of the pearls was the popularization of tea in Russia, its wide distribution among the common people, as well as the transformation into an “Orthodox” drink, which in pre -revolutionary Russia was actively contrasted with vodka.

What proverbs and sayings did not put the Russian people about the overseas drink - “drink a seagull - forget longing”, “don’t drink tea - not to live in the world”, “no one choke on tea in Rus'”, “What will you drink tea: with a spoon or sugar? In the year, by decree of Alexander III, “into account to the summer activities of the genus of Moscow merchants of the pearls in the field of trade and the retribution of their merits” he was granted hereditary nobility.

In the noble coat of arms of the pearl barley depicts a tea bush and six large pearls-mesh. Family motto: "Honor in work." After the revolution, the “tea house”, like most other residential buildings in the center of Moscow, turned into communal services, but a popular tea-coffee store has been preserved in it.