Aleksandrov Pavel Biography

Born on April 25, May 7, Bogorodsk, Moscow province now, Noginsk, Moscow Region. He died on November 16. G. was born in the family of a man of zemstvo medicine. He graduated from a gymnasium with a gold medal. The objects of his hobbies were mathematics and literature. A special interest in mathematics owes the school teacher of this subject, who introduced the student to N. Lobachevsky’s work and supported interest in studying his geometry.

Aleksandrov graduated from the Physics and Mathematics Faculty of Moscow University in the city of N. In his student years he studied his work in the field of theoretical and many topology and was so fascinated by them that their first personal meeting made a young student as a close student and follower of N. while still a student, in G. Aleksandrov proved the theorem of the power of the Borelev sets was set by N.

and Aleksandrov taught at Moscow State University-MSU-at Moscow State University-at Moscow State University-MSU- The Privat-Docent with G. read a course of the theory of the functions of the actual variable and the first course of general topology at Moscow State University, as well as several other courses, including the Galois Theory. The field of scientific interests by P.

Alexandrov is the theory of sets in particular, the development of methods for combinatorial research of the sets and spaces of general nature, etc. Alexandrov began scientific work in the field of the theory of the sets and the theory of the functions of the actual alternating, obtaining a number of remarkable results. He opened together with M. Soslin a new method of constructing sets, which served as the beginning of the development of a new direction - a discreetative theory of sets.

In - gg. Urysson Cycle of fundamental work on metrization theorems, which became the basis of theoretical and many topology. Studies on the development of topology have become the main in his creative activity. Aleksandrov created the theory of homologies of general topological spaces, which made it possible to apply algebraic methods to the tasks of theoretical and modest topology.

Having built the theory of compact and bikopakt spaces and proved the first common metrization theorem, he developed the theory of dimension and gave it a significantly new, geometric direction. In particular, he built the so -called homological theory of dimension. He carried out the synthesis of combinatorial and theoretical and many directions in topology.

He developed the methods of combinatorial algebraic study of the sets and spaces of general nature, proved a number of basic laws of duality, connecting the topological properties of figures and sets with the topological properties of the additional part of the space. In the city, the results of the study cycle performed by him were the basis for the development of a homological theory of dimension.

In different periods of creative activity, P. Alexandrov also performed a number of studies on the theory of the functions of the actual variable and the theory of sets, having received many significant results. Among them, the above evidence of the theorem about the power of the Borels.

He proved a number of basic “laws of duality” connecting the topological properties of a geometric figure with the topological properties of an additional part of space to it. The work on the study of the homological methods of the shape and location of the complex and a closed set in the intelligent complex and a closed set wrote in - GG. In this work, all elements of the exact sequence were first discharged, which later became a considerable tool in all sections of mathematics using algebraic methods.

The results in the homological theory and duality theorem for the start -up sets made up the famous greater work “The main ratio of duality for unmarked sets”, published in the “mathematical collection” in Aleksandrov, the author of many scientific publications. New series, t. Aleksandrov is the author of monographs: the introduction into the theory of sets and functions, about compact topological spaces together with P.

Uryson, the introduction to the theory of groups of the 2nd ed. The author of a number of textbooks in mathematics for higher educational institutions: lectures on analytical geometry, replenished with the necessary information from algebra, etc. Author of works on the history of mathematics and popular science publications, including: N. I, vol. The author of a number of works on outstanding mathematicians.

Among them is monograph: Nikolai Ivanovich Lobachevsky, together with A. Alexandrov took part in the compilation and preparation for the publication by the mathematical institution V. He was the chairman of the editorial board, which included L. Bolshev, A. Leontyev and others. A member of the Moscow Mathematical Society MMO with G. contributed to the complete restoration of the authority of the MMO and the substantial expansion of the field of its activities - contributed to the establishment of the practice of participating in the MMO in the publication of the journal "Success of the Mathematical Sciences" of the USSR Academy of Sciences and was its chief editor for many years.

Aleksandrov is the founder of the Russian scientific school of topology. Outstanding representatives of this school are his students L. Pontryagin, A. Tikhonov and others. He was awarded the International Prize named after Hero of Socialist Labor Corresponding Member of the Gettingen Academy of Sciences in-GG.Pavel Sergeevich Alexandrov is one of the creators of a special direction of mathematics - topology.

Topology owes his work to his work by rapid development, formation and special role in modern mathematics. With his works, not only ensured the creation of topology, but also exalted it as a new scientific direction. He founded one of the largest scientific schools of modern Russian mathematics - a topological school. An active role in the creation of topology, for which he introduced a number of fundamental concepts, and work on the homological theory of dimension immediately secured the reputation of outstanding mathematics.

He was distinguished by amazing devotion to mathematics and a deep conviction of its high aesthetic value. The basis of this conviction was his personal practice. Once, even at the dawn of a creative life, having met with insurmountable, according to his assessment, difficulties in solving the next mathematical problem of the continuum, he considered himself unworthy to engage in mathematics.

He left the university and began to work in a completely different, but aesthetically close sphere. He was a theater director, headed the theater section of the public education department, and lectured on literature and music. But the attraction to mathematics turned out to be much stronger. Pavel Sergeevich Alexandrov was an outstanding person not only in mathematics.

From a young age he knew theatrical art, music and literature well, he especially revered poetry. Over the years, his knowledge in these areas of culture expanded and enriched. Source: members of the Russian Academy of Sciences at the Mathematical Institute. Steklov RAS. To the summer anniversary of Mian. Biographical dictionary-reference. Under the general editorship of academician V.

Zimin, S. Kislyakov, G. Monkitin, V. Steklov, the Russian Academy of Sciences, -