Goethe Biography Message

Zodiac sign: Virgin Biography Johann Wolfgang von Goethe was born on August 28 in Frankfurt-on-Main a German poet, thinker and natural scientist. An outstanding representative of the Education in Germany, one of the founders of German literature of the New Age, a versatile scientist. The son of an imperial adviser, an educated burgher, Goethe studied in Leipzig GG. In Strasbourg, Goethe met I.

Herder and became a participant in the “Storm and onslaught” movement. In the year he arrived in Weimar at the invitation of the Duke of Charles Augustus. Neglecting the opinion of the court, Goethe entered a civil marriage with a flower workshop of Christian Vulpius. The Great French Revolution adopted restrainedly, but in September, in the battle of the Walles, brilliantly determined the world-historical significance of the victory of the revolutionary troops of France: "From this day and from this place a new era of world history begins." Friendship with Schiller from the year was of important importance for Goethe.

In Weimar, Goethe led the theater organized by him in the year. Early poetic works of Goethe GG. Goethe published the first collection of poems in the year. The new period of his work begins in the year. Goethe's lyrics of the “storm and onslaught” period is one of the most brilliant pages in the history of German poetry. Goethe’s lyrical hero appears to be the embodiment of nature or in an organic merger with her “traveler”, G.

He turns to mythological images, comprehending them in the rebellious spirit “The Wanderer’s Song in the Storm”, gg. The historical drama "Göz von Berlichingen" reflected the events of the eve of the peasant war of the 16th century, sounding a severe reminder of the princely arbitrariness and tragedy of a crushed country. In the novel “The Suffering of the Young Werther”, G.

Goethe, using the form of a sentimental novel in letters, conveys the dramatic personal experiences of the hero and at the same time creates a picture of German reality. In the drama "Egmont", the decade of the year is a transitional in the creative development of Goethe. The reaction to individualistic rebellion led to Goethe's thought about the need for self -restraint of the personality of the “border of mankind”, gg.

However, faithful to the heroic covenants of humanism, Goethe claims that a person is capable of creative daring "Divine", G. This is the inconsistency of Goethe's worldview. The poet could not completely avoid the oppressive influence of backward social relations. At the end of the 10ths of the 18th century, the concept of Claid is drawn up in the idea of ​​harmony, perceived by Goethe from I.

Winkelman and developed by Goethe and Schiller, the assertion of the ideal of a harmonic personality is combined with the program of gradual reforms, the ideas of the struggle of the idea of ​​education, which ultimately means reconciliation with the existing orders of the drama “Torquato Tasso”, gg. The pagan-materialistic perception of ancient culture is most clearly expressed in the “Roman elegies” G.

Later in the ballad “Corinthian bride” G. Goethe will contrast this life-affirming paganism of the ascetic religion of Christianity. The tragedy of Iphigenia in Tauris gg. The Great French Revolution is directly reflected in the “Venetian epigrams” G. Goethe does not accept revolutionary violence, but at the same time recognizes the inevitability of social reorganization.

During these years, he writes the satirical poem “Reyneke-Lis” in the poem “German and Dorothea” G. G. The largest work of Goethe X-the novel “The years of the teachings of William Meister”. The hero’s stage hobbies appear as a youthful error, in the final of the novel he sees his task in practical economic activity. In fact, this meant reconciliation with backward German reality.

The brightness of realistic household scenes, the color of the images are combined in Goethe’s novel with a far -fetched mysterious ending, an image of mysterious figures, etc. Autobiographical book “Poetry and Truth from my life” in the family novel “Selective Apartment” ed. Goethe raises the question of freedom of feeling, but - under the sign of renunciation and fidelity to family principles.

The novel “The Years of the Wandering of Wilhelm Meister” of Part. A characteristic interest to the East is reflected in the cycle “Western-East sofa” of the GG. In the journalism of recent years, Goethe, rejecting Teutonomania and the mystical aspects of German romanticism, welcomes the collection of folk songs by L. Arnim and K. Brentano “The Magic Horn of the Boy” gg.

In the polemic against the nationalist trends that developed in Germany during the period and after the Napoleonic Wars, Goethe puts forward the idea of ​​“world literature”, without sharing Hegelian skepticism in assessing the future of art. The tragedy “Faust” 1st part in the processing of the plot of Goethe rely on the folk book about Faust G. In the image of Faust, faith was embodied in the boundless capabilities of a person.

The inquisitive mind and daring of Faust are opposed to the barren efforts of the dry pedant of Wagner, who was fenced off from life, from the people. In the process of searches, Faust, overcoming the contemplation of German social thought, puts forward an act as the basis of being. In the works of Goethe, the brilliant insights of the dialectics monologue of the Earth’s spirit, the contradictory aspirations of Faust himself, were reflected.

Goethe removes the metaphysical opposite of good and evil.Denial and skepticism, embodied in the image of Mephistopheles, become a driving force that helps Faust in his search for truth.

The path to creation passes through destruction - such is the conclusion to which, according to Chernyshevsky, Goethe comes, generalizing the historical experience of his era. The history of Gretchen becomes an important link in the process of Faust's searches. The tragic situation arises as a result of an insoluble contradiction between the ideal of a natural person, which seems to Faust Margarita, and the real appearance of a limited girl from the philistine environment.

At the same time, Margarita is a victim of public prejudices and dogmatism of church morality. In an effort to affirm the humanistic ideal, Faust turns to antiquity. The marriage of Faust and Elena acts as a symbol of the unity of two eras. But this unity is only an illusion - Elena disappears, and their son dies. The result of Faust's searches is the belief that the ideal should be carried out on real land.

At the same time, Goethe already understands that a new, bourgeois society, created on the ruins of feudal Europe, is far from ideal. The 19th -century problems set before the complex complex, Goethe retains educational optimism, but turns him to future generations when free work on free land becomes possible. In the name of that bright future, a person must act and fight.

Goethe’s death, according to G. Heine, marked the end of the “artistic period” in German literature, meaning that the interests of art prevailed then over socio-political. Read completely to turn the text.