Yakov Petrovich Polonsky biography

Polonsky Yakov Petrovich is a poet and a prose writer. Born on December 18 in Ryazan. He studied at the Ryazan gymnasium. In the year he entered the law faculty of Moscow University. In the spring of the year, Polonsky graduated from the University. He was to determine the further life path. Difficult material circumstances forced to think about the service. Friends advised him to go to Odessa, promised to help get a job, and Polonsky decided to go south.

In the fall of the same year, he is already in Odessa. However, he could not enter the service, and he began to give private lessons. In Odessa, Polonsky met many responsive and curious people. His first refuge was the apartment of the Associate Professor of the Richelian Lyceum A. Bakunin, his brother's brother theorist of Russian anarchism Mikhail Bakunin. From Levushka Pushkin, Polonsky learned the details of the tragic circumstances of his brother’s life path, which in those years were not yet widely known.

Good relations developed in Polonsky in Odessa with the local Austrian consul L. Gutmanstal and his wife, daughter of children's writer A. The umbrella, the niece of V. with greedy curiosity peered the writer at the variegated bustle of Odessa.

In Odessa, Polonsky lived from autumn to June, later he often came to Odessa. The portrait of the Yakov Polonsky work of Ivan Kramsky, in the year of the Odessa General Governor M. Vorontsov, received a new appointment-he became the governor of the Caucasus, and many officials who wished to serve in Tiflis went after Vorontsov, including Polonsky. In June, Polonsky left the Caucasus.

He visited his homeland in Russia, stayed in Moscow, moved to St. Petersburg, where he lived for random magazine earnings. In the year, he became a teacher and teacher in the family of the St. Petersburg Civil Governor N. Smirnov, the husband of A. in the spring of the year, the poet leaves with the Smirnov family abroad in Baden-Baden. In August of the same year, Polonsky parted with the Smirnov family and leaves for Geneva to study painting, from there he goes to Italy, then to Paris.

In Paris, the poet falls in love with the semi -Russian, semi -French - the daughter of the psalmist of the Orthodox Church in Paris, Elena Vasilievna Ustyuzhskaya. Marked in August, the Polonsky returned to St. Petersburg. A few hours before the birth of the firstborn, the son of Andrei, Polonsky fell from the yeast and injured his leg, which made him cripple until the end of his life.

Suffering is persecuted by Polonsky: a son dies in the year, and in the summer of the same year there was no devoted, loving wife. When your love was a companion, oh, maybe in the fire of your embrace I would not even curse, I would not hear a draw of curses! Il, the brothers, an alien brother, without songs, without hopes with the great sorrow of my memories, I will be a suffering instrument of ignoramus of rotten traditions!

In gg. In the year he entered the service in the Committee of Foreign Censorship. He lived in St. Petersburg, sometimes traveling abroad. Six years after the death of his wife, Polonsky met Josephine Rülman, a rare beauty of a woman, a talented sculptor. She becomes his wife. Polonsky did everything possible to develop her natural talent. From up to year, Polonsky served in the Committee of Foreign Censorship, in the Council of the Main Directorate for Press Affairs, which gave him funds for existence.

Polonsky in his office, in the apartment on the corner of the Basque and Znamenskaya streets in St. Petersburg. Yakov Petrovich Polonsky died in St. Petersburg on October 30. He was buried in his homeland in Ryazan.