Lomonosov biography briefly

The latest news biography will have little people who do not know who Mikhail Vasilievich Lomonosov is. The great Russian scientist contributed to various branches of science and raised it to a completely new level. He was the first in Russia to open a chemical laboratory, wrote literary and historical works and improved the Russian language. Childhood and youth, the biography of Lomonosov is like a sphinctic riddle: the name of the scientist is surrounded not only by a halo of secrets, but also with speculation and fables.

For example, in some sources it is indicated that the Russian genius was born in a poor family, which barely made ends meet, and then, as if moving unknown force, went to the very heart of Russia. He was the only child in the prosperous family of the peasant Vasily Dorofeevich, who was known as a merchant and hunted fish trade on his own ships. According to the memoirs of Mikhail Vasilyevich, his father was kind, but extremely ignorant.

When the gifted boy was nine years old, his mother Elena Ivanovna died. But she suffered the same fate: Theodora died in M, three years after marriage. In the same M, Lomonosov Sr. married for the third time at the widowed Irina Semenovna Korelskaya, who appeared for the summer Mikhail in the image of an evil stepmother, poisoning the life of a little stepson.

From the age of 10, Michael helped Vasily Dorofeevich catch fish. Father and son took the nets and went to the White Sea. The future scientist loved to swim around the endless water expanses, admire the blue sea waves, the beauty of blue ice and the remote shore. And all the dangers that met in the way tempered the physical forces of the young man. Numerous observations of Lomonosov enriched his mind with thoughts about the structure of nature.

Mikhail devoted the early part of childhood to the literacy of everyday skills, strengthened in physical strength, and came to study the letter of reading and writing, at the age of 12. Mikhailo Lomonosov passed to the next step thanks to the clerk Semen Sabelnikov, who taught him algebra, grammar, and also introduced the amazing world of literature. Being a summer teenager, Mikhail read well, so he pouring the textbooks for days and nights.

He zealously swallowed one book after another, trying to put new information in a piggy bank of knowledge. Many people know the legend from the school bench that Mikhail Vasilievich, longing for new discoveries, went to Moscow to get a decent education. The reason for such a bold enterprise was an unbearable existence in his home, namely endless conflicts with Irina Semenovna. The stepmother did not like that the stepson was spending all his free time to turning books.

By that time, Michael realized that a significant gap in knowledge - a misunderstanding of Latin - would become an obstacle to further training, and dreamed of filling it in one of the major cities. Vasily Dorofeevich, desperate to dissuade his son, decided to marry him and secretly found the bride. Upon learning of this idea, Lomonosov took with cunning: I went to bed and pretended to be sick, so the marriage had to be postponed until the “recovery”.

Burdened with the burdens of life, Mikhail collected two shirts, a sheepskin coat and several books, waited for the night and, not saying goodbye to the stepmother or his father, secretly escaped from the house. On the third day of the walking, in December of the year, the summer young man caught up with the convoy and asked the fishermen permission to go on a long journey with them.

Three weeks of wandering around snowdrifts, in January of the year, he arrived in Moscow. From his native village to the heart of Russia, he had to overcome more than a thousand kilometers. To make an idea, he forged documents and temporarily became a descendant of the Kholmogorsky nobleman for the rector. Mikhail Vasilievich diligently studied Latin, theological books, physics and mathematics.

According to the memoirs of the scientist, fellow students made fun of the academy above him: he was dressed poorly by one Altyn per day and was older than others.

In the first year, Mikhail advanced from the first to the third grade. In the year, he was enrolled at the University at the Academy of Sciences in St. Petersburg, where he comprehended mathematics, physics and tried to engage in writing poetry. A year later, in March, Lomonosov and another 12 other university students, by decision of the Academy of Sciences, were sent to study in Europe.

They spent five years abroad and often came across troubles. The educational institution was delayed with a transfer of money, so many students had to live in debt. There he met Johann Friedrich Genkel, who taught his metallurgy and mining. In the year, a conflict arose between Mikhail Vasilyevich and Genkel. A stumbling block was the refusal of a young scientist to carry out black work.

The tension between the teacher and students increased at the speed of light, it got to the point that the mentor refused to give the pupils money for the maintenance. In the year, Mikhail Vasilievich, capturing laboratory scales with weights, once and for all left Freiberg.However, he returned to Russia with a fairly baggage of knowledge, in which, in addition to information about the mining industry, there were French, Italian and German languages, dances and fencing.

Literature Mikhail Vasilievich was a brilliant erudite in any of the areas, whether physical phenomena, chemical transformations or a combination of lines in a poem. Moreover, great poets, such as Alexander Pushkin and Vasily Zhukovsky, were relied on his works in the future, and “Oda on the day of accession to the All -Russian throne of the Majesty of the Empress Empress Elizabeth Petrovna, the autocrat of the All -Russian, year” is an indisputable monument of Russian literature.

Peter I, whom Mikhail Vasilievich was very revered, he dedicated a heroic poem called Peter the Great. In addition, the author wrote satirical works, ridicuating the spiritual estate. This and other factors served the formation of a critical perception of the work of Mikhail Vasilyevich to some of his contemporaries. However, they scolded the scientist, as a rule, veiled, and the young followers of Lomonosov zealously stood up for him, even if he made mistakes.

The scientific discoveries of Mikhail Lomonosov are reliably known that Mikhail Vasilievich seriously began to engage in science in - years. Proof of success in comprehending natural and exact sciences by a young student was his debut work, which is called "on the transformation of a solid body into liquid depending on the movement of previous fluids." It examines various aggregate conditions.

And for the dissertation “On Metal Shine”, Lomonosov was awarded the professor’s rank in the year. After receiving the title in science, he became a nobleman. It is worth saying that the results obtained during the chemical and physical experiments of the scientist were accurate. Mikhail Vasilievich was practically not mistaken in his conclusions. His scientific works helped contemporaries move from natural philosophy to the current methods of natural science.

He formulated the foundations of the kinetic theory of gases, discovered the law of conservation of energy, explained the secret of thunderstorms and northern lights, made colored glass and paints, and underwent a chemical analysis of ore. It was he who came up with the foundations of physical chemistry. The talented scientist discovered the atmosphere on Venus, the Lomonosov -Gershel system has improved the reflective telescope.

He also became one of the first ministers of science who guessed that the star, called the sun, is a huge fire ball, because "there the fiery ramparts are striving, vortices spinning, and stones, like water, boil." Among other things, Lomonosov introduced into Russian the new concepts of “horizon”, “refraction of rays”, “atom”, “molecule”, “temperature”, etc.

Mikhail Vasilievich became the founder of Moscow University in the year, but contemporaries called him the university. In it, Mikhail Vasilievich discussed the preservation and reproduction of the Russian people. But even such an educated person as Alexander Ivanovich chose to hide the Epistle of Lomonosov under the cloth, preserving him from the eyes of the public.

Personal life since the fall of the year Lomonosov began to rent a room from the widow of the Marburg brewer. In the same place she was lived by the summer daughter of Elizabeth Tsilch, who attracted the student with the qualities of a good mistress and directness of views. Mikhail understood love as creating well -being for his chosen one. But in reality, he could not understand how to express it for a long time.

Young people looked at each other for two years before explaining in their feelings. They got married in February, and on May 26 they got married. The first daughter of the scientist was born in November and was considered illegitimate, because civil marriage was not blessed by the church. The girl died in the year. Lomonosov at that time left for St.

Petersburg and was preparing to arrive his wife. The son lived for only a month. The daughter of Elena, named after the mother of the scientist, whom he loved and lost in childhood, grew up gifted, to match his father. The girl knew several languages, studied music, literature, science. The Lomonosov family who loved to receive guests was called happy and friendly.

Elena arranged personal life shortly after the death of her father, but she herself lived only 23 years. However, in her marriage with a student of Lomonosov, four children were born. The death of Mikhail Lomonosov the Grand Russian scientist died on April 4 on April on the year of his life. The cause of death is inflammation of the lungs. Lomonosov’s last project was a mosaic business, the continuation of which he bequeathed to his wife and students.

The next year after the death of the minister of science, the book “Ancient Russian History from the beginning of the Russian people to the death of Grand Duke Yaroslav the First or up to a year” was published in two volumes. The second volume of Lomonosov did not have time to write. Later, the library and papers of the scientist were transported to the palace, and then their trace was lost.

The descendants judge the appearance of Lomonosov by his portraits. Contemporaries of the founder of Moscow University with humor noted that, large in appearance, he least resembled a scientist. Embed from Getty Images Portrait of Mikhail Lomonosov is now recalled as an outstanding personality in the world of science. Monuments are erected to him in different countries, several educational institutions and prizes are his name.

In honor of Lomonosov, streets, space objects, city and mineral are named. Two Soviet films with the same name are devoted to the great scientist - “Mikhailo Lomonosov”. The first, shot by Alexander Ivanov, was released in the year, Boris Livanov embodied the image of the protagonist in it. The second film, a multi -part, presented in the year Alexander Proshkin.

Works “Notes on Russian History” “For the benefits of society ...” “Ancient Russian history from the beginning of the Russian people to the death of the Grand Duke Yaroslav the First or up to a year” “A brief Russian chronicler with a genealogy” “Reasoning about the great accuracy of the marine path, read in the public meeting of the Imperial Academy of Sciences on May 8, Mr.

College Advisor and Professor M. Lomonosov, The day of the accession to the All -Russian throne of the Majesty of the Empress Empress Elizabeth Petrovna, the autocrat of the All -Russian, the year, ”the discovery created the science of glass and several mosaics developed the foundations of economic geography.