Comte biography

In these works, Comte not only develops the ideas of Saint-Simon, but also outlines the contours of his own concepts, which he will develop in the future. His thoughts about the specific role of scientists in the new social structure, the division of historical development into critical and organic eras, as well as the principles of “positive policy” and the famous “Law of three stages”, were especially significant.

The second period is gg. Here Comte laid the philosophical and scientific foundations of his positive worldview, proving that the human and social world is inseparable from the general system of the universe and are subordinated to the natural course of events. He also focused on the meaning of the natural sciences for sociology. The third period is gg. Comte presented positivism as a doctrine in which scientific and intellectual elements are subordinated to moral, religious and political aspects, considering the social world as a result of human feelings, will and activity.

The main task of Comte in both its main works was to create, through the “objective method” of the correct generalization of facts from private sciences, a single positive philosophy, which, then using the “subjective method”, he sought to turn into a positive religion. Vladimir Solovyov emphasizes that this idea reflects the later point of view of Comte. In the initial period of his work, they were aimed at creating a system that unites the mental world on the basis of positive sciences and the exclusion of any theological and metaphysical ideas, which opposed the religious aspirations of Saint-Simon.

Comte saw the educated humanity of that time in a state of mental anarchy and disorganization, which could not be overcome by individual sciences. Only a comprehensive system, combining the reliability of accurate science with the universalism of theology and metaphysics, could successfully solve this problem. Positive philosophy, according to Comte, did not have its special content, but served as a systematization of the data of all sciences, establishing their connection and creating a “hierarchy” of scientific disciplines.

August Comte developed the doctrine of three stages of the intellectual evolution of mankind, following the ideas of his teacher Henri de Saint-Simon. At this stage, all phenomena are explained through the prism of supernatural, and religious worldview is inseparable from secular. The life of people is saturated with the spirit of violence and conquest. This period is marked by the ideas of Plato, Aristotle, as well as the emergence of concepts as “public contract”, “human rights”.

Progress in industry and science contributes to the democratization of society and the destruction of traditional beliefs. The human mind refuses abstractions in favor of specific scientific laws. This period is characterized by the desire for social order and reducing aggressiveness in society. Comte believed that at the last stage, society should be organized around the ideas of order and progress, with an emphasis on the role of scientists and entrepreneurs in the management of public processes.

The social structure was to be hierarchical, with a clear division of responsibility between managers and working classes. Capital, in such a company, is considered not as law, but as the obligation and duty of its owners to provide jobs and manage production processes. The goal of positive philosophy was to create a society based on scientific principles, which contributes to moral improvement and self -regulation.

In such a society, the revolution was considered a pathology, and power belonged to enlightened bankers and scientists, which would ensure order and progress within the framework of the sociocratic system. Personal life of Augustus Comte's personal life in his young years was rather stormy and chaotic. In the year, he entered into a relationship with a woman, much older than him, who later gave birth to his daughter.

In the year, visiting an entertaining institution, Comte met Karolina Massen, a young woman whose relations with society were very free. After some time, in the year, they issued a civil marriage. Carolina Massen had outstanding intellectual abilities and strong will, which probably attracted Comte. Nevertheless, Comte noted in it the lack of femininity and cordiality, as well as a lack of moral qualities.

These features combined with her past created certain difficulties in their relationship. Despite these challenges, Carolina had a significant impact on the personal life of Comte and his work, contributing to his intellectual development and social life. The death of the philosopher Auguste Comte died on September 5, the cause of his death was weakened health.

His grave is in the Pere Lashez cemetery in Paris. Monument to Auguste Contu, the lifetime photographs of the thinker have not been preserved, but his image is captured in a number of portraits, which remind of his contribution to philosophy.