Bryusov Personal biography

St. Petersburg 2nd Krasnoarmeyskaya St. Contemporaries considered him the Messiah and the harbinger of a new current in poetry - acmeism. The bright representative of the Silver Age and one of the founders of symbolism was also a talented translator and literary critic, literary critic and researcher of historical documents. In addition, he headed the Moscow literary and art circle and the modernist magazine "Libra".

Valery Bryusov childhood, youth, family Valery was born on December 13 according to the new style of the year in the family of Muscovites Yakov Bryusov and Matrena Bakulina. The eldest of five children, later he had three sisters and brother. Sister Nadezhda later became a musicologist, taught. Evgenia was a wonderful pianist, before the revolution she owned a music school on Dmitrovka, and under the Soviet regime she became a teacher of the conservatory.

Lydia chose another path for herself - she became a chemist, professor, deputy director for the scientific part of the All -Union Research Institute of Synthetic and perfumery. Brother Alexander became an archaeologist. Bryusov’s parents were peculiar people. Yakov Kuzmich is an Old Believer-Kupets, the son of a former serf, who managed to get free and moved to Moscow.

Having mastered in the capital, Kuzma Andreevich took up trading, so successfully that he soon bought a house on Tsvetnoy Boulevard, where the future great poet spent his childhood and youth. Mom, Matrena Aleksandrovna, was the daughter of a famous fabulist of the philistine title. She was brought up in Yelets, at the aunt-button, but then came to Moscow, cut her hair, began to be friends with young people, striving for education.

The upbringing of children in the family was also peculiar at that time: they were forbidden to read religious books and fairy tales. But reading the literature on natural science, scientific articles, was encouraged. Valery knew about Charles Darwin from an early age. He was also fond of reading Jules Verne, Mine Reed. Bryusov brought the atheistic freedom of Bryusov to the first private gymnasium Franz Kreiman, from where four years later he was expelled for “wrong” views on religion.

Later, the teenager began to study at the private gymnasium of Leo Polivanov, where he was seriously interested in mathematics. In the year, Bryusov entered the historical and philological faculty of Moscow University for the Department of Classical Philology. In the same year, the drama “Decadents was published. The end of the century. " According to the poet, in his student years he was burned by a thirst for knowledge, he was fond of literature, art, studying languages, philosophy.

He saw the poetic collection “masterpieces”, and Valery transferred to the department of history, which he graduated at the very end of the 19th century.

In the opinion of literary studies, literary activity, creative success brought Bryusov a collection of urban verses “Third Guard”, which he dedicated to his friend Konstantin Balmont published in the year. The poet made his acquaintance with the symbolists Dmitry Merezhkovsky and Zinaida Gippius and became close to the circle of the Symbolists. Soon, the light saw his new collection of poems to the “degree and peace”, and then he published the book “Wreath”, into which he collected poems of several previous years - mythological, lyrics dedicated to the revolution of the year.

Bryusov himself considered this collection a peak of his poetic creativity. In parallel with the poetry, Bryusov began to publish the magazine "Libra", the verses of the symbolists were published in it, Bryusov himself headed the department of literary criticism in the Russian Thought publication, wrote prose and dramatic works, translated the works of foreign authors.

He had a huge impact on his revealing students who tried to imitate his creations. While critics called him conceited and narcissistic, young poets saw in him the Messiah, carrying new words to the masses. The First World War, which Bryusov went as a military correspondent for Russian Vedomosti, made a depressing impression on the poet. He no longer searched for plots for new poems, but began to pay attention to the form and technique of versification.

The result was a wreath of the sonnets "fateful row". Before the revolution itself, Valery Yakovlevich took up the national poetry of Armenia. The result of his painstaking work was the collection “Poetry of Armenia from ancient times to the present day” and the book “Chronicle of the historical destinies of the Armenian people”. Bryusov accepted the October Socialist Revolution and enthusiastically plunged into public work.

He held a leading position in the press registration committee, participated in the work of the State Purish, took part in the publication of the Great Soviet Encyclopedia. He was elected chairman of the Presidium of the All-Russian Union of Poets, and in the year he became a professor and rector at the highest literary and art institute founded by him. One of the last literary works of Valery Yakovlevich is the poetic collection “Hurry”, which saw the light before his death.

Valery Bryusov’s personal life, according to the poet, was Lyolya Kraskov, his first love, he devoted many of his early verses to her. But the girl died early from black smallpox, which was a big blow to Valery.For several years, he perpetuated the memory of his beloved in his works, went headlong into creativity. In the year, he met the governess of his sisters John Runt, who impressed him with his well -read, education, and knowledge of languages.

Quite unexpectedly for himself, Bryusov made an offer to the girl and in the same year they got married. John became for the poet not only a faithful wife, but also a friend, an assistant. More than once they translated various works into Russian together. John Matveevna had to endure several love affairs of her talented husband, including a serious fascination with the writer Nina Petrovskaya, which lasted several years.

Nina became the prototype of Renata in Bryusov’s mystic novel “Fiery Angel”. The woman was so passionate about the “demonic nature” of Valery Yakovlevich that she called herself Renata for some time and even accepted Catholicism. But when the writer “killed” his heroine, Petrovskaya realized that their relationship was also completed. Another passionately in love with Bryusov and his poems the girl committed suicide.

Her name was Nadezhda Lviv, she was a "poet", as she called herself. On the eve of suicide, the girl called Bryusov and asked to come to her. But he refused, citing work. She threatened that she would commit suicide and three minutes after the conversation the shot thundered. The poet denied accusations of bringing to suicide. Lvova Bryusov dedicated the Mistification book “Poems of Nelly”.

Death and memory on October 9, the Russian Poet-Simvostilist died from the crustacean inflammation of the lungs in his Moscow apartment. Valery Yakovlevich was buried in the Novodevichy cemetery, where the graves of his relatives are located. The poet Igor Severyanin wrote poetry “Bryusov”. Some other poets dedicated their works to him, and the widow, John Matveevna, prepared and published previously unknown poems, diary entries.

The descendants honor and remember the poet of the Silver Age. The sculptor Nina Niss-Goldman captured Bryusova in the last year of his life. Her work is stored in the collection of the Russian avant-garde in the State Russian Museum of St. Petersburg. The streets in some Russian cities are named after him, and in the house in which he lived in recent years, the Silver Age Museum is located, in which the writer’s office has been saved by inviolable.

Poetic works and prose of Bryusov served to create films and music. For example, Sergey Rakhmaninov wrote a wonderful romance on the poem “Rat”, and Mikhail Gnesin composed a symphony praise on the Bryusovsky “Vrubel”. In addition, based on the story “The Last Pages of the Woman”, the paintings “I want-I will love” and the joint Russian-French project “Revelation of the stranger” were shot.

Also, based on Bryusov’s stories “In the Mirror”, “Marble Head” and others, director Andrei Kharitonov removed the mystical drama “Thirst for Passion”, in which Anastasia Vertinskaya played the main character. The role of her husband went to Lembit of Ulfsaku, and the detective - Igor Kostolevsky. It was under the impression of their poetry that Bryusov wrote his first verses.

He even wrote Verlen a letter, introducing himself as the first Russian symbolist that spreads this literary current in his homeland. Bryusov wrote many of his works, especially critical articles, under pseudonyms, which he had more than three dozen. For example, as Valery Maslov, he released three poetic collections “Russian Symbolists”, which included mostly his own poems under different names: V.

Bakulin, Anatoly Galakhov, V. Darova, Moskvityan and others. Valery Bryusov was well known as a talented translator. It was thanks to him that readers in Russia were able to get acquainted with the rich poetic heritage of the Belarusian poet Yanka Kupala. It was he who discovered for the Russian reader the creation of the Belgian poet Emil Verkharna. In Armenia, Bryusov was awarded the title of national poet of the country for numerous translations and the collection of Armenia from ancient times to the present day published by him.

Important events in life year: he entered the historical and philological faculty of Moscow University for the Department of Classical Philology. Published the drama "Decadents. He published a poetic collection "Masterpieces". There were no children in marriage. He published a poetic collection "Mirror of the Shadows". He became a military correspondent at the front from the newspaper Russian Vedomosti.

He headed the press registration committee. He founded the highest literary and art institute, where he was a professor and rector.