America Countrymanses Biography

This is a large country, with huge and well -visible regional differences. The distances here are very large, which means that traveling can be long and expensive. Geography [edit] Grand Titon National Park, Rocky Mountains, Weiming the so-called continental United States, that is, 48 ​​states without Alaska and Hawaii are limited from the east of the Atlantic Ocean, from the west of the Mexican Bay, and a large share of the population lives on these three coasts.

There are three large mining systems in the country. The Appalachs pass along the east coast, a few hundred kilometers from the coast, from the Canadian border to Alabam. These are the oldest mountains of three and the most populated and equipped, with a large number of species points and campsites. Rocky mountains, from Alaska to New Mexico, also go from north to south. The rocky mountains are most national parks, and, in addition, there are a lot of opportunities for hiking and ski rest.

The youngest mountains-Sierra Nevada’s ridges and cascading mountains, are closest to the Pacific Ocean. They contain such well -known attractions as Lake Tahoe and the Yosemiti National Park, as well as one of the highest mountains of the country. An essential part of the American-Canadian border takes place along the great lakes, the largest freshwater lakes in the world. Great lakes were formed during the retreat of the glacier at the end of the last ice age, and a variety of landscapes are now located on their shores, from natural reserves to industrial cities.

The climate [edit] in general the US climate is moderate, but this does not apply to the entire territory of the country. A significant part of Alaska is in the Arctic zone and is a tundra. Hawaii, South Florida, Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands are located in the tropics. Great plains are distinguished by dry climate. In the west of the country there are deserts, and the climate of the California coast is similar to the Mediterranean.

In winter, in large cities in the north and middle West, 61 cm of snow can fall on one day. Even in Oklahom in winter, negative temperatures occur. The latter, however, is rare. On the Great Plains, tornado is not uncommon. They have occurred from the end of spring at the beginning of autumn, earlier in the south and later in the north. In the states of the Atlantic coast and on the shores of the Gulf of Mexico, hurricanes coming from the Atlantic occur from the Atlantic.

The hurricane season lasts from June to November, and it happens that the entire population of entire cities has to be evacuated when the hurricane approaches. In the rocky mountains, a cold and snow climate, in some places more than 1 cm of snow falls per year. Even in summer, there are often low temperatures in the mountains, and even snowfalls. In winter, you should not go to the mountains without special training, and roads through passes can be covered with ice.

From July to September, there are thunderstorms in the southwest. Winter is soft, and snow rarely falls. In general, there is very little precipitation, usually less than 25 cm. Cold and rainy weather is not uncommon on the Pacific coast. At the same time, the summer is usually quite dry, and the rain goes in winter. Snow on the coast falls quite rarely. Most of the northwestern states away from the coast of drying and is at high altitudes, which introduces additional features to the climate.

In the northeast, catastrophic snowfalls occur once every few years. The story [edit] The indigenous Americans, in the colloquial of the Indians, probably appeared in the modern territory of the United States tens of thousands of years ago, coming from North-Eastern Asia. The stereotype of the primitiveness of their culture does not take into account that before the arrival of Europeans in the 15th century, they were organized in rather complex civilizations.

For example, Cheroks built large cities in the southeast of the United States, and Anasazi lived in cave cities in the southwest. The number of these peoples decreased several times, if not ten times, from epidemics brought from Europe, primarily smallpox. Their descendants were forced to lead a simpler lifestyle, which led to the appearance of stereotypes.

England, Spain and France received large territories; The Netherlands, Sweden and Russia got less. The first English colonies based in Jamstown, Virginia and Plymouth, Massachusetts became the basis of what is now known as the United States of America. In the north, Massachusetts was first inhabited by religious immigrants - Puritans - subsequently founding other colonies of New England, forming a very religious and idealistic region.

Other religious groups also founded colonies, including quakers in Pennsylvania and Catholics in Maryland. In the southern colonies, the climate favored the development of agriculture, primarily the cultivation of cotton and tobacco. Just as in Latin America and the islands of the Caribbean, the success of this economy was based on the use of slaves imported from Africa.

At first, slavery was legal both in the south and in the north, but its great significance for the economy of the South led the South could not abolish slavery after the North. Independence Hall in Philadelphia.The seven -year war ended in the year, and Britain began to completely dominate in North America. In order to finance military operations in North America, the so-called Franco-Indian war, Britain covered the colonies with unpopular tax.

In the end, this caused a revolution, and on July 4, representatives of 13 colonies announced their complete independence. The war for independence with Great Britain lasted up to a year, after which the newly formed United States of America took control of all previously belonging to the UK between the Atlantic Ocean and the Mississippi River. In the year, George Washington, who previously headed the revolutionary forces, was elected president.

As the settlers advanced west of the Appalachians, new states formed, and the indigenous population decreased due to wars and diseases. In years, France sold its North American possessions to the west of the US Mississippi the so -called Louisian purchase, which actually doubled the country's area. On the territory of modern Oklahoma, the Indian Territory was arranged, where many Indian tribes were forcibly moved in the e years.

An attempt to expel the British from Canada led to the war of the year. Military operations, which lasted two years, acquired a wide scale both at sea and on land, and included events such as a fire in the White House and in the Capitol in Washington. As a result, the US territory practically did not change, Canada remained English, but the American and Canadian identity formed.

During the war, an American anthem arose. The indigenous peoples who supported the British as a result were expelled from their territories given to the white immigrants. After the war in the United States, industry and infrastructure developed rapidly, mainly in the southwest. First, roads and channels appeared, and people began to settle far from the coast.

In the year, the Eri channel connected the Atlantic Ocean and the Great Lakes. In the X years, both coasts have already connected the railways and telegraph lines. At the beginning of the 19th century, various religious movements began to actively advocate for the abolition of slavery and equal rights of women. The defense of the Alamo mission in the year was a key event of the Texas Independence War.

Spain sold the US Florida in the year after an American military invasion. In the uprising of American settlers in Mexico Texas led to the formation of an independent republic, after ten years adopted in the United States. This caused the wars of the United States and Mexico, as a result of which Mexico has lost a significant part of its territory, now component of the States of California, Nevad, Utah, Arizona and New Mexico.

After that, the US territory as a whole coincided with the modern one. The Indians were sent in reservation and held there by force. The federal government was not very strong, which left the States a large share of autonomy. By the age of years, this caused significant contradictions between the industrial northern states, with a large percentage of the urban population, where slavery was canceled, and the rural south, depending on plantations.

The North wanted to introduce a ban on the spread of slavery, while the southern states were interested in spreading slavery to new territories. In the year, 11 southern states, fearing the rhetoric of the newly elected President Abraham Lincoln, separated and formed the independent confederal states of America. This was followed by a civil war, which became the most difficult military conflict in the United States and took the lives of hundreds of thousands of people.

In the year, the North won, slavery was canceled in all states, and the states of the Confederation were again adopted in the United States. Former slaves and their descendants, however, remained for a long time, especially in the south, the lower layer of society. In the same year, the United States won a final victory in the Spanish-American War, which led to the formation of American colonies.

Black Americans from the south moved to the industrial cities of the north. Many immigrants from Germany and Scandinavian countries have mastered new territories in the West and Middle West, where the land gave everyone who was ready to master it. In the year, the United States entered the First World War, which was their first serious access to the international arena and the beginning of the transition to political dominance.

However, soon after the end of the war, the United States refused to join the League of Nations, which significantly weakened the latter. The economy developed greatly that it was accompanied by exchange speculations, the scale of which increased in the 10th years. In the end, this led to great depression in the year. As a result of the efforts to overcome it, the culture of hard work and self -sacrifice developed, which then helped America well during the Second World War.

The policy of Franklin Delaino Roosevelt in state intervention in the economy and state programs for the construction of buildings, roads and bridges throughout the country laid the foundations of modern American economic well -being. The battleship Arizona was sunk during an attack on Pearl Harbor and turned into a memorial.America developed an atomic bomb and dropped two bombs in Japan in the year, after which the war was over.

By the end of the war, the United States were dominant in the world of an economic power that produced almost half of world industrial products. The Second World War was followed by the Cold War with the USSR, in which both countries produced enough weapons to repeatedly destroy each other. A whole century after the Civil War, the Black Americans had no equal rights with the whites.

Inequality was especially noticeable in the south. In years, a movement for civil rights arose, which peacefully but persistently fought for equality. In the beginning of the x, at the head of it was Martin Luther King, a charismatic preacher, and in the years - thousands of people gathered to listen to him to the capital. Then the movement for women's rights became active.

All this led to wide changes in American society.

Post -war America is characterized by industrialization and rapid technological development.