Konstantin Ryleev Biography

Born in the village of Batovo, Sofia district of the St. Petersburg province, now the Gatchina district of the Leningrad region in the family of a small nobleman Fedor Andreevich Ryleyev -, managing Princess Barbara Golitsyna. Ryleev-commander of the Estland Jaeger battalion, cavalier of the Order of St. Vladimir of the 4th degree, retired lieutenant colonel.

Mother Anastasia Matveevna Essen-with the city of Malyutin, subsequently the estate inherited K. artist Bell in January G. Ryleev was enrolled in the “preparatory class” of the 1st Cadet Corps-the “Knight's Academy”, a privileged educational institution founded in the city of Patriotic inspiration, the Patriotic enthusiasing encourages K. Ryleev to take up the pen, and he writes “love of love.

To the Fatherland ”and“ Prince of Smolensk ”, the prosaic“ victorious song to the heroes ”and others. The young poet glorifies the hero-patriot, who sacrifices everyone for the homeland. Changing, enriching, this image will live in many verses of a decabrist poet. After returning to Russia, K. Ryleev was sent along with the horse-artillery company in the Ostrogozh district of the Voronezh province, where he remained for several years.

Ryleyev’s stay in the Ostrogozh district is a very significant stage in his biography. Ryleev was appointed an apartment from the Hine Contino -Artillar company. It is located in the Sloboda Podgornoye, thirty miles from the battery headquarters, which was in the settlement of Belogorye. In the summer, he was more often in Belogorye at the headquarters, in the winter - mainly in Podgornoy.

His position of the tenant was associated with constant trips in Ostrogozhsk or Voronezh. In the provincial center, Ryleev visited commissariat warehouses. The building of the commissariat commission, where Ryleev often visited, is now occupied by the Art Museum. In Podgorniy, Ryleev met the family of the local landowner M. One of his daughters, Natalia Tevyashova, became the poet's wife.

The earliest poems of the poet were intended for N. until the end of the same year, numerous poetic confessions in love, Madrigals, initiations, sustained in the spirit of “light poetry”, appear: “Natasha, Amur and I”, “Dream”, “Triolet Natasha”, “Motyl”, etc. The Ostrogozh period in the life of Ryleyev was decisive in the development of his talent as a poet, in the formation of a poetic poetic.

style. Here he read a lot, met a number of progressively -minded nobles, saw many of the negative aspects of the then Russian life. For personal circumstances and disappointed in military service, in the city of Ryleev he resigned. Going at the end of the summer of G. with his young wife he visit his mother in the village of Batovo, near St. Petersburg, comes closer to many metropolitan writers.

In the magazines "Blagored" and "Nevsky Spectator" his first works are published - elegy, epigrams, romances. Ryleyevs return to the Voronezh province, where in Podgornoy on May 23, in November, Ryleev again comes to Petersburg, this time one in order to firmly settle there, prepare the ground for moving to the capital of the whole family. In the "Nevsky Spectator" for G.

she was also known to his prison friends. Ryleev is in a hurry to report in a letter to M. Bedryaga: “My satire“ to the temporary worker ”is published in the 10th book of the Nevsky Spectator. Many are surprised at how they missed her ... ”Ryleyev K. PSS, this satire on Count Arakcheev brought Ryleev not only fame, but also glory. Since January, the city of Ryleev has become a converter from the nobility in the St.

Petersburg Chamber of the Criminal Court. In April, he was accepted as members of the “Free Society of Lovers of Russian Literature”, and already in May he is again on the road, on the way to the Podgornoye family. Living there, he happens not only in saguna, Belogorye, among neighboring landowners, but also in Ostrogozhsk, Voronezh. In July-August G. Bedryaga ”,“ The heart told me for a long time ...

”,“ To Kosovsky ”,“ K. Ryleyev is experiencing a strip of creative upsurge. It was at this time that he begins to create a poetic cycle of his famous “thoughts”. The poet drew the material for them not only from the works of historians, but also from the oral traditions of local old -timers. The first Duma “Kurbsky” was published in the journal “Son of the Fatherland” marked: “Ostrogozhsk, June 20”.

Ryleyev’s works reflect the heroic past of the Russian people. This applies not only to the Duma “Bogdan Khmelnitsky”, to the poem “Voinarovsky”, but also to many incomplete and unrealized plans “Nalivaiko”, “Paly”, “Mazepa” and others. Decembrist Belyaev wrote that “Nalivaiko”, “Voinarovsky” “were familiar with everyone and were repeated in all friendly and like -minded circles.” The Pyotr Great Duma in Ostrogozhsk - inspired by Ryleev’s memories of the inhabitants, in the memory of which there are many legends about Peter I and his stay in the Voronezh province.

In - gg. In the same period, Ryleyev was written “A note on the needs of the inhabitants of the city of Ostrogozhsk and his county” Ryleev K. Passenger notes. The literary critic A. Nikitenko wrote in his memoirs: “I did not know another person who would have such an attractive force as Ryleyev. With his thoughts, poems, civic lyrics, Ryleev inscribed an immortal page in the history of Russian poetry.

And far from the last lines belong to the "Ostrogozh" material.The threads of the Ostrogozh-Voronezh ties are deeply and firmly woven into the Petersburg period of the life and work of Ryleyev.

Since autumn, G. Ryleev with his family lives in St. Petersburg, rents an apartment. Gradually, he becomes his man in the literary circles of the capital, acquires more and more among friends and acquaintances of political like -minded people, many of whom are members of a secret society. In the summer, G. Ryleev makes a large trip to Ukraine. In the city of Ryleev, he goes into literary and political activity with his head.

In October, it was accepted into northern society. After the departure of S. Trubetskoy to Kyiv, the end replaced him in the directory and took over the leadership of the Northern Society. His views are becoming more consistently revolutionary. With the transition of Ryleyev from the St. Petersburg Chamber of the Criminal Court to the Russian-American company, Spring G. Natalya Mikhailovna felt quite confused in this crowded.

She was not left anxious forebodings. Ryleev was forced to fight with Prince K. Shakhovsky on a duel because of his sister A. Ryleyeva, the poet was easily wounded. In June, the poet’s mother died, in September the son of Ryleyev Sasha, who was barely fulfilled a year, died suddenly. The departure of Ryleevs from St. Petersburg at the end of September, the Prudon spaces of the steppes had a healing effect on Kondraty Fedorovich, poured forces into it for life and struggle.

In December, he is again in St. Petersburg. A year went .... The year of take -off, the heyday of all the spiritual forces of Ryleyev, fierce poetic labor, active political actions. In the rare moments of respite, the poet dreamed of a quiet Podgorny, where he worked so well, breathed even more. Pushkin, - he is a chisel of inspiration: the soul breaks into the steppe; There she is more spacious, there I can only do anything worthy of our century, but as if evil circumstances rivet me to St.

Petersburg. He could not serene to indulge in the silence of the prosperity of the joy of creativity, when the “spirit of time” and the “purpose of the century” demanded direct civil participation in the struggle “for the oppressed freedom of man”, absorbing all his strength, all his life. The spirit and direction of the Northern Society, whose collections took place in the apartment of Ryleyev, were completely created by him.

In contrast to southern society, led by Pestel, the North was distinguished by democracy. Ryleev insisted on accepting merchants and philistines to society, offering the liberation of the peasants certainly with the endowment of their land, etc. At the same time, Ryleyev fought against the bloody measures that entered the plan of the Decembrists' actions. Before December 14, Ryleev resigned his powers; The "dictator" was elected Prince.

Trubetskoy, but Ryleev was still on Senate Square.