Pages of Fets biography

Latest news biography Afanasy Afanasevich Fet is a recognized genius of literature, whose work is quoted both in Russia and in foreign countries. His poems, such as “I will not tell you”, “whisper, timid breath”, “evening”, “this morning, this joy”, “at the dawn you don’t be a wake”, “I came”, “nightingale and rose” and others are now required to study in schools and higher educational institutions.

In the biography of Athanasius Fet there are many puzzles and secrets that still excite the minds of scientists and historians. For example, the circumstances of the birth of a great genius, who sang the beauty of nature and human feelings, are like a sphinctic mystery. The poet Lirik Afanasy Fet, when Schenshin was born, the surname of the poet, whom he wore the first 14 and last 19 years of his life, is not known for certain.

They call November 10 or 11, Afanasy Afanasevich himself celebrated his birthday on the 5th of the twelfth month. His mother Charlotte-Elizaveta Bekker was the daughter of a German burgher and for some time was the wife of a certain Johann Fet, an assessor of a local court in Darmstadt. Soon Charlotte met with Afanasy Neofitovich Shenshin - the Oryol landowner and part -time retired captain.

The fact is that Schenshin, having arrived in Germany, failed to book a place in the hotel, because they simply did not exist there. Therefore, the Russian settles in the house of the Ober-Criginal Charles Bekker-a widow who lived with a year old daughter, a pregnant second child, son-in-law and granddaughter. Athanasius Fet in his youth, than a young girl, the summer Athanasius fell in love with, who, moreover, according to his contemporaries, was a non -casualist - history is silent.

But, according to rumors, before meeting the Russian landowner, the relationship of Charlotte and Fet gradually came to a dead end: despite the birth of Carolina’s daughter, her husband and wife often conflict, besides, Johann got into numerous debts, poisoning the existence of a young wife.

It is only known that from the “City of Sciences”, the girl and Schenshin were called from the “City of Sciences”, fled to the snow country, whose fierce frosts were not even dreamed of. Karl Becker could not explain such an eager for the act of his daughter. After all, she, being a married woman, threw her husband and beloved child to the mercy of fate and leaned in searching for adventure to an unfamiliar country.

Grandfather Athanasius used to say that the “Establishment Means” most likely, Karl meant alcohol deprived her of reason. But in fact, Charlotte later revealed a mental disorder. The village of Novoselki Mtsensk district is already in Russia, two months after the crossing, a boy was born. The baby was baptized according to Orthodox custom and called Athanasius.

Thus, parents predetermined the future of the child, because Athanasius translated from Greek means "immortal." In fact, Fet has become a famous writer, the memory of which does not die for many years. The Charlotte, who took Orthodoxy, who became Elizaveta Petrovna, recalled that Shenshin treated his adopted son as a blood relative and gave the boy with care and attention.

Later, the Shenshins had three more children, but the two died at a young age, which is not surprising, because due to progressive diseases in those troubled times, child mortality was considered far from rare. Afanasy Afanasevich recalled in his autobiography “The Early Years of My Life”, as his sister Anyuta, who was a year younger, fell into bed. Near the bed, relatives and friends were on duty for the girls day and night, and in the morning her doctors visited her room.

Fet recalled how he approached the girl and saw her ruddy face and blue eyes, motionlessly looking at the ceiling. When Anyuta died, Afanasy Shenshin, initially guessing such a tragic outcome, fainted. The portrait of Athanasius Fet in the year Johann made an offer of a marriage and heart to Governant, who raised his daughter Carolina. The woman responded with agreement, and Fet either from resentment of life, or then, in order to annoy the ex-spray, Afanasy deleted from the will.

A person may be mistaken, but to deny the laws of nature is a very big mistake, ”Elizaveta Petrovna recalled in letters to her brother. When the young man was 14 years old, the spiritual consistory canceled the baptismal record of Athanasius by the legitimate son of Shenshin, so the boy was awarded his last name - Fet, since he was born out of marriage. Because of this, the Athanasius lost all kinds of privileges, therefore, in the eyes of the public he did not appear as a descendant of the noble family, but as a “Hesseendarstad subject”, a foreigner of dubious origin.

Such changes became a blow to the heart for the future poet, who considered himself primordially Russian. For many years, the writer tried to return the name of a man who brought him up as his own son, but the attempts were in vain. And only in the year Afanasy won and became Schenshin. Yakov Polonsky, Nikolai Strakhov and Athanasius Fet spent his childhood in the village of Novoselki, in the Oryol province, in the estate of his father, in the house with mesonin and two outbuildings.The boy’s eyes opened picturesque meadows covered with green grass, crowns of powerful trees, lit by the sun, houses with smoking pipes and a church with ringing bells.

Also, young Fet got up at five in the morning and in one pajamas fled to the maids, so that they told him a fairy tale. Although the maids engaged in spinning tried to ignore the annoying Athanasius, the boy ultimately sought his own. All these children's memories, inspiring Fet, were reflected in his subsequent work. From the years, Athanasius visited the German private boarding house Kryummer, where he showed himself as a diligent student.

The young man was pouring over literature textbooks and even then he tried to come up with poetic lines. The literature at the end of the young man went to conquer the heart of Russia. Athanasius diligently engaged in six months under the supervision of a famous journalist, writer and publisher Mikhail Petrovich Pogodin. After the preparation, Fet easily entered Moscow University at the Faculty of Law.

But soon the poet realized that the object that the Holy Ivo Breton is not his path. Athanasius Fet So the young man without any thought translated into Russian literature. As a first -year student, Athanasius Fet seriously took up a poetry and showed his test of Perodin. Having familiarized himself with the works of the student, Mikhail Petrovich gave the manuscript to Gogol, who said: "Fet is an undoubted talent." Afanasy Afanasevich, encouraged by the praise of the author of the book “Wiy”, publishes the debut collection “The lyric pantheon” and begins to be published in the literary magazines “Domestic Notes”, “Moskvityan”, etc.

Unfortunately, the gift of Fet was not perceived by contemporaries. But at one point, Afanasy Afanasevich had to leave literary activity and forget about the peretnitsa. In the life of a gifted poet, a black strip came. At the end of the year, his beloved mother, as well as his uncle, with whom Fet had warm friendly relations dies. Afanasy Afanasevich counted on the inheritance of a relative, but the uncle’s money disappeared unexpectedly.

Therefore, the young poet remained literally without a livelihood and in the hope of acquiring a state, entered military service and became a cavalryman. The title of officer rose. The poet Lirik Afanasy Fet in OM The writer returned to the verses and released a second collection, which received enthusiastic reviews of Russian critics. After a sufficiently long period of time, the third collection of a gifted poet was published by Turgenev, and a two -volume collected of the works of Fet was published in the year.

If we consider the work of the author of the “May night” and “spring rain”, then he was a sophisticated lyricist and, like Yesenin, identified nature and human feelings. In addition to lyrical poems, in his track record there are elegy, thoughts, ballads, messages. Also, many literary scholars agree that Afanasy Afanasevich came up with his own, original and multifaceted genre of “Melodies”, in his writings there are often responses to musical works.

He translated into Russian a number of poems of Latin poets, and also introduced readers to the mystical “Faust” of Goethe. The personal life of Athanasius Afanasevich Fet in his life was a paradoxical figure: before his contemporaries, he appeared as a thoughtful and gloomy person, whose biography surrounds mystical halo. Therefore, a dissonance arose in the head of poetry lovers, some could not understand how this person burdened with everyday concerns could so exalmously sing nature, love, feelings and human relationships.

The family of Yakov Polonsky visiting the family of Athanasius Fet in the summer of the year Athanasius Fet, an employee in the cuirassier regiment, was invited to the ball in the hospitable house of the former officer of the Order Regiment of M. Among the young ladies, fluttering around the hall, Afanasy Afanasevich saw the black -haired beauty, the daughter of a retired cavalry general of Serbian descent Maria Lazich.

It is noteworthy that Maria knew Feta for a long time, however, she met him through his poems, which was read out in her youth. Lazich was educated over the years, she knew how to play music and was well versed in the literature. It is not surprising that Fet recognized in this girl a soul mate. They exchanged numerous fiery letters and often leafed through albums.

Maria became a lyrical heroine of many fetus poems. Athanasius Fet But the acquaintance of Fet and Lazich was not happy. Beloved could become spouses in the future to educate children, but the prudent and practical Fet abandoned the alliance with Maria, because she was as poor as he himself. In his last letter, Lazich, Afanasy Afanasevich, became the initiator of the parting.

Soon Maria died: due to a carelessly abandoned match, her dress caught fire. The girl could not be saved from numerous burns. It is possible that this death was suicide.The tragic event struck Fet to the depths of his soul, and Afanasy Afanasevich found comfort from the sudden loss of a loved one in his work. His subsequent poems were perceived by the reading public with a bang, so Fet managed to acquire a fortune, the poet’s fees allowed him to go on a trip to Europe.

Afanasy Fet and Maria Botkin was abroad, the master of Khorey and Yamba came down with a rich woman from the famous Russian dynasty - Maria Botkin. The second wife of Fet was not good, but it was distinguished by good -naturedness and a slight disposition. Although Afanasy Afanasevich made a proposal not by love, but according to the calculation, the couple lived happily.

After a modest wedding, the couple left for Moscow, Fet resigned and devoted his life to creativity. Death on November 21 of the year Afanasy Afanasevich Fet died of a heart attack. Many biographers suggest that before death the poet made an attempt to suicide. But this version has no reliable evidence at the moment.