Sulaberidze Frididon Biography

Author's blog Marina Aleksinskaya on April 26 The world is us! My great -grandfather Gigo Ekromaishvili, my grandfather Artem Erkomaishilia, his brothers Vladimir and Ananias were famous singers, chormasters, experts in Georgian folk music, especially church music. They had their own choir. My grandfather raised me, he was the last of the Mogican of church chant.

Marina Aleksinskaya “Rustavi” knew more than two thousand Georgian chants - the State Song and Dance Ensemble of Georgia - the legend itself. Originally from the USSR, he traveled with the triumphal tour of the country and continents. And in this, not in Aprilian snowy cold evening, the fire of the Georgian dance and the sincere length of the Georgian polyphony licked the passion of nostalgia.

According to the excessively spicy feasts with Tkemali and Satsivi, according to the Bohemian with Kinzmarauli, the discussions of the premiere of Otar Ioliani “lived a singing thrush” ... and echoing pride for victory, when Mikhail Egorov, along with Meliton Cantaria, raised the red banner over the defeated Reichstag. The creator and head of Rustavi is Anzor Erkomaishiville.

A choir conductor, folklorist, People's Artist of the Georgian SSR today Georgia talks about him as a man of the twentieth century. Especially for “tomorrow”, Anzor Erkomaishivilia gave an interview. First tell about yourself, where are you from, from which family? He knew more than two thousand Georgian chants. For several centuries, church chants have been taught in the monasteries of Georgia.

At the end of the XIX century, in the Ozurgetsky district, in the village of Shemokmed, there was one of such schools where the most famous singing in this area taught. My grandfather is Artem Ekromaishvili Pupil of this school. His teacher was Melkinedek Nakashidze. Subsequently famous singers as Varlah Simonishvili and Dmitry Patarava studied at this school. They, like Artem Erkomaishvili, knew more than chants.

They had previously passed away - in the x years they were gone, and the grandfather was left. In the year he was invited to the Tbilisi Conservatory for the recording of church chants. The record process itself was interesting. At first, he recorded one voice on the magnetafon, then, listening to the recording on this tape recorder, sang along with another voice for recording on the second tape recorder, and, listening to two votes together, sang with bass.

Thus, he managed to record chants and to from their pores according to these records, ethnic musicians as from Georgia from different countries study such unique material. Artem Erkomaishvili was a famous chormaster, and his choir in the Soviet years has repeatedly won the All -Union competitions and olympiads. He died in the year at the age of 80. The fact is that in the fall of the year in Tbilisi, the English company Gramophone opened the sound recording house.

First in Moscow - in the summer of the year, and in late autumn - in Tbilisi. In order for the sale of gramophones better, the studio recorded the records of famous singers. Gramophone has done a big job. Prior to the outbreak of World War I, Tbilisi was a regional sound recording center, where not only Georgian, but also Armenian, Azerbaijani, North Caucasian and Central Asian songs recorded.

Well, since the team of my great -grandfather was famous for all Georgia, Gramophone recorded 49 Georgian songs with him. For such a large repertoire, the company gave him a gramophone. This gramophone is also stored in my house. He still plays. And the staff of the great -grandfather lasted a very long time. The great -grandfather was already under the years. Large tables were set up at the wedding and the singers were necessarily invited, both from the side of the groom and from the bride.

Several groups were gathered, they competed, as if someone to repulse. At the wedding, they chose the toastmaster. He stood out with eloquence, pronounced traditional toasts. After this toast, the first group sang the old song "Chven Mshvidoba" the world to us. The second toast is always for the bride and groom. And also the chant “Shen Har Venahi” was necessarily followed by the vine of true and other traditional songs.

The third toast is for the parents of the newlyweds. In honor of the parents, a song also sounded. Further, each toast was accompanied by the corresponding song. But in the future in Georgia, popular music was introduced into fashion. Having graduated from school, I decided to enter the university. But my grandfather insisted that I become a professional musician. And then I first entered the music school in Tbilisi, and then to the conservatory.

In the year, studying at the conservatory, my friends and my friends created the Proudla ensemble. The ensemble quickly gained fame. We performed folk songs and church chants and soon became the winners of competitions not only in Georgia, but also in Moscow. In the year they performed at the festival of youth and students in Sofia, where they received a gold medal.

At this time, good singers from different parts of Georgia worked at the school at this time. We decided to form an ensemble. Serious rehearsals began. At the same time, a dance ensemble was created in Rustavi, under the leadership of Revaz Chokhonelidze, we reunited and called the team - the Rustavi song and dance ensemble. We successfully performed in Moscow, then in Poland.

Many cities of the Soviet Union traveled.Two years later, by decision of the Minister of Culture of Georgia Otar Vasilievich Taktakashvili - a famous composer - we were given the status of the state. Have you been participants? We were remarkably accepted in Central Asia, and in the Baltic states, and in Siberia. And each concert left bright memories. The main thing is that we made friends with the collectives of those cities and republics where we came with performances.

Then the groups of these cities and republics came to us. There was a great friendship. And Rustavi became a famous team. There were no such scale of cultural interchange, cooperation between the countries that were then. The Rustavi team and now continues active touring activities. Made more than the world of the world. The inheritance of my grandfather and great -grandfather helped me, of course.

In addition, we traveled to all the corners of Georgia and recorded rare songs from the elderly; We searched for the notes of Georgian songs in other countries. Such developed polyphony is rarely found in the world. It is curious that in neighboring countries a monodic musical culture is developed. And only in Georgia a rich polyphony is developed. There is evidence that many of the Georgia existed even before our era.

And this Georgia still retains much. Interestingly, the polyphony of the songs of Western and Eastern Georgia is different. In the songs of Eastern Georgia, the first and second voices against the background of the bourdon bass intertwine, create complex polyphony. An example of this can be called the Kakhetian dimensional song “Chakrulo”, which in the year the Americans with the Voyagger spacecraft sent to space.

Polyphony of the songs of Western Georgia is contrasting, mobile voices. The bass sometimes even rises above the first voice, and the first happens below the second and so on. Among the votes, a high specific voice stands out - “Krimanchuli”. Igor Stravinsky, after listening to the Guri song “Krimanchuli” in translation - a wriggling voice was shocked. In an interview with America magazine in December, he said: “One of the important musical impressions is the records of Georgian folk polyphonic singing.

This is the tradition of the active execution of music coming from antiquity, and this is a magnificent find that can give more to the performance than all the acquisitions of new music by Yodl, called in Georgia, Krimanchuli, was the best that I have ever heard. ” There are four votes in the Gurian and Adjar labor songs. The first is Krimanchuli, the second is the host of Damskheby, the third is the high bass of Shemkhmobari and the fourth is mobile bass.

Interestingly, all these songs are antiphonnia, that is, alternating. Here people work on a corn field and sing these songs. Usually two groups or more. Georgian songs are multi -ghost. But such music at that time was difficult to “break through”. Soviet ideology chopped all the church. But the officials liked this music, and they tried their best to make spiritual chants sounded at concerts.