Biography of Curie Sklodovskaya

The Encyclopedia of Podlodovskaya-Kuri, Maria was born on November 7. Father taught physics at the gymnasium, her mother was its director. Maria was the youngest child had a brother and three sisters. From early childhood, Maria showed outstanding abilities and craving for science. At four, I independently learned to read. At a young age she worked as a laboratory assistant in the chemical laboratory of her cousin.

Russian chemist Dmitry Mendeleev, a friend of his father, seeing Mary at work, predicted her a great future. Maria had no opportunity to get higher education in Poland, since at that time women were not accepted at Warsaw University. For some time after the end of the gymnasium, she worked as a governess. In G. with enthusiasm attended lectures of such famous scientists as physicist Gabriel Lipman, mathematician Paul Appel.

The work was written on the basis of observations of radioactivity made together with her husband Pierre Curie.

A year later, young people got married. From the city of Maria Sklodovskaya-Kuri, she was engaged in scientific research in the laboratory of the Paris Municipal School of Industrial Physics and Chemistry, headed by Pierre Curie. After the husband soon joined her in the city. For four years, scientists have been studying in an inappropriate room abandoned shed, neglecting precautions.

Proklovskaya -Kuri first used the term "radioactivity", proved that the radioactivity of uranium is the property of its atoms, and opened the radioactivity of the thorium. In the same year, Maria and Pierre Curie announced the discovery of new radioactive elements, which were named Radius and Polonia in honor of the Motherland of the Podlodovskaya. In gg. With G. became the first woman-teacher of the Sorbonne.

Together with the French chemist Andre Debjann in August in August, during the First World War, Maria Sklodovskaya-Kuri organized a retgeno- and radiological examination of the wounded in Parisian hospitals, and taught the work on X-ray installations more nurses. The accumulated experience summarized in the monograph "Radiology and War" while traveling to the USA and GG.

One of them Sklodskaya-Kuri introduced to the fund of the Warsaw Institute of Radiy, which was founded by it. In the last years of her life, she continued to teach at the Paris Institute of Radium, and actively contributed to the use of radiology in medicine. She died on July 4 G. Maria Sklodovskaya -Kuri - the first woman awarded the Nobel Prize. At the moment, in addition to the sloping, two more prizes are three more scientists: Lainus Poling G.

Among its awards is also the medals of the French Academy of Sciences, Davy of the Royal Society, the Matteurchi of the National Academy of Sciences of Italy, the Albert of the Royal Society of Arts, the Willard Gibbs Award, etc., was a member Scientific societies of the world, including the Paris Medical Academy, the St. Petersburg Academy of Sciences, corresponding member, the Academy of Sciences of the USSR, an honorary member.

Was nominated by a candidate member of the French Academy of Sciences, but was not elected; At that time, membership at the academy was only men. She was a regular participant in the prestigious Solveev Congresses in Physics with G. for 12 years was part of the International Commission on Intellectual Cooperation of the League of Nations. In marriage with Pierre Curie, two daughters were born.

Iren; After marriage, she bore the surname Zholio-Kuri worked with her mother at the Radiya Institute in Paris, in Eve was a theater and musical critic.